[自学考试]00522英语国家概况试题
Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each
unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A B C and D
are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers
the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the
corresponding space on the answer sheet. 40 points 1 point for each
1.Traditional British farming involved( ) which dated back to the 5th
century.
A.the open field system
B.the system of crop
rotation
C.the use of artificial fertilizer
D.the use of new
agricultural machinery
2.In Britain the First Civil War was fought
between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by( ) and the
Cavaliers who were King Charles’s supporters.
A.John Lilburne
B.Oliver Cromwell
C.Prince Rupert
D.William Joyce
3.( )radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great
Fire nearly three centuries earlier.
A.The Black Death
B.The Civil
War
C.The First World War
D.The Blitz
4.The objective of
the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men and it took its name
form“( )”.
A.The Bill of Rights
B.The Agreement of the
People
C.the People’s Charter
D.the Great Charter
5.Today
the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in( ).
A.Cambridge B.Oxford
C.London D.York
6.In Britain thanks
to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World
War votes were granted to women over( )in 1918.
A.20 B.25 C.30
D.35
7.By( )Britain had built up a big empire “on which the sun never
set”.
A.1900 B.1910
C.1920 D.1930
8.In Britain the
Tories were the forerunners of( ) which still bears the nickname
today.
A.the Labor Party
B.the Conservative Party
C.the
Liberal Party
D.the Social Democratic Party
9.The eldest son of
Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ——Prince Charles Prince of( ) is the heir to the
throne.
A.England
B.Scotland
C.Wales
D.Northern
Ireland
10.In Britain a full meeting of( )is called only when a
Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.
A.the Privy
Council
B.the House of Lords
C.the House of Commons
D.the
Parliament
11.In Britain the highest judicial appointments are made by
the Queen on the advice of( ).
A.the Lord Chancellor
B.the Prime
Minister
C.the Speaker
D.the Attorney General
12.In
Britain the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in
( ).
A.the Privy Council
B.the House of Lords
C.the
Supreme Court
D.the House of Commons
13.The British government
departments are staffed by members of( ) whose duty is to assist in carrying
out laws passed by Parliament.
A.the Civil Service
B.the Privy
Council
C.the House of Lords
D.the House of Commons
14.In
the 1970s oil was discovered in( ) but the revenue from oil did not create
an economic miracle for Britain.
A.the English Channel
B.the Irish
Sea
C.the St.George Sea
D.the North Sea
15.Local
authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through( ).
A.the income
tax
B.the council tax
C.the capital receipts
D.personal
contribution
16.The modern games of tennis originated in( )in the late
19th century.
A.Scotland B.Ireland
C.England
D.Wales
17.America was named after( ).
A.Italian navigator
Columbus
B.navigator Amerigo Vespucci
C.some Indian
chieftain
D.George Washington founding father of the United
States
18.Between 1860 and 1990 the United States
witnessed( )large-scale population movements.
A.2 B.3 C.4
D.5
19.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade President Truman turned
down the option of( ).
A.sending supplies through the highways
protected by tanks and troops
B.sending supplies through the
waterways
C.starting large-scale airlifting
D.staring limited
airlifting to test the Soviets
20.In 1900 the United States ranked first
in the production of( ).
A.coal B.electricity
C.oil
D.wheat
21.During the War of Independence America allied
with( ).
A.Spain B.France
C.Holland D.Germany
22.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by( ).
A.all
of the 13 states
B.all of the states except Maryland
C.all of the
states except Rhode Island
D.all of the states but later Rhode Island
withdrew from the convention
23.President Theodore Roosevelt made use of
the Hepburn Act to( ).
A.regulate federal-funded electricity
project
B.maintain forest reserves
C.regulate railway price
D.ban corporation merger
24.In the United States Henry Ford became
famous( ).
A.because of his wealth
B.because he set up the
Standard Oil Corporation
C.because he was the first to invent cars
D.because of his Model T automobile
25.The attitude of many Americans
toward different political views after WWⅡ can be described as( ).
A.following the main trend of view
B.intolerant
C.indifferent
D.tolerant
26.In the U.S. the Red Scare refers
to( ).
A.a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism
B.a
fear of Soviet subversion
C.a senseless hate of anything foreign
D.an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea
27.Urbanization was realized in the U.S.( ).
A.in 1900
B.in
1910
C.after WW I
D.after WWⅡ
28.In the United States
the“winner-take-all”system applies to( ).
A.all the states
B.a
majority of the states
C.all states except Maine
D.only
Maine
29.In “Old Man and Sea” Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude
towards( ).
A.defeat and failure
B.the sea
C.his
work
D.nature
30.In order to remember George
Washington( ).
A.a memorial hall was built in his birthplace
B.a
memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.
C.a tall white Washington
Monument was built in the capital
D.an expensive car was named after
him
31.The final breakaway of American foreign policy from isolationism
was( ).
A.the bombing of Pearl Harbor
B.the fall of
France
C.German attack of the Soviet Union
D.the battle of
Britain
32.In the U.S. the fastest growing minority group
is( ).
A.the African-American
B.the Hispanic-American
C.the Native Indians
D.the Asian-American
33.The name “Canada”is
believed to be derived from an Indian word“Kanata” meaning( ).
A.a
settlement
B.a country
C.a meeting place
D.a colony
34.Quebec differs from the provinces of Canada because( ).
A.it has the
largest population
B.it was the first European settlement
C.it has
a strong French culture
D.it is more highly developed than other parts of
Canada
35.Australia’s most common native plants are( ).
A.palms
and roses
B.willows and sunflowers
C.pines and orchids
D.
eucalypts and wattles
36.The first white settlement in Australia was set
up on January 26( ).
A. 1778 B. 1788
C. 1878 D.
1888
37.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of( ).
A. its
shape
B. its connection with Britain
C. its abundant natural
resources
D. its green countryside
38.The central part of Ireland
is characterized by many lakes low ridges and( ).
A.peat bogs
B.rapid streams
C.small islands
D.high cliffs
39.New
Zealand consists of two main islands( ).
A.North Island and South
Island
B.Steward Island and Long Island
C.West Island and East
Island
D.Victorian Island and Tasman Island
40.New Zealand’s
climate is generally( )and seasonal differences are not so great.
A.dry
and cold
B.mild and moist
C.hot and wet
D.windy and
cold
Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following
questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.30
points 3 points for each
41.How long was Britain under the Roman
occupation﹖
42.What is the main function of the House of Lords in
Britain﹖
43.What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of
England﹖
44.Which sport is regarded as typically English﹖
45.What
are the principal functions of American higher education﹖
46.What is
meant by Operation Overlord﹖
47.Why Americans are always on the
move﹖
48.How will you characterize American foreign policy in the early
1930s﹖
49.What are the main characteristics of Canadian climate﹖
50.Geographically Australia can be divided into three major regions.What are
they﹖
Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer
in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.20 points 5
points for each
51.Stonehenge
52.The Metropolitan Police
Force
53.Foreclosure
54.Chicano
Ⅳ.Write between 100-120
words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer
sheet.10 points
55.What is Thatcherism and what are the major
components of Thatcherism﹖
56.In what sense was the War of 1812 important
to the development of the United States﹖
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